Lesson 30 – A Boy in the Temple

What is being skipped?

    1. Judges 19 - Levite & his concubine and the rape at Gibeah
    2. Judges 20 - the resulting war
    3. Judge 21 - the re-population of the tribe of Benjamin
  • Reading the Scripture

·                     The story of Hannah

1.                   Read -1 Samuel 1:9-20

2.                   What did it mean to be a nazarite?

1.                Read Numbers 6:1-21

2.                Create a list of the requirements.

  • The story of Samuel in the Temple
    1. Read 1st Samuel 3:1-20
    2. Questions

1.    Why was Samuel reluctant to tell Eli?

2.    What do you think of Eli's response?

1.    What do they have in common?

2.    What is different?

3.    Why do you think Luke used this in his story?

 

Memory verse:

Hannah prayed and said, 'My heart exults in the Lord; my strength is exalted in my God.'

 


Bible Background (taken from Journey through the Bible, Christian Board of Publications, 1995, p. 96)

:Other important figures from the book of Judges had to be passed by: the Transjordan judge Jephthah and his tragic and terrible vow that led to the death of his daughter; the comic-tragic Samson, with his great gifts and his utter disregard for how those gifts might be put to good use; and the unnamed wife of a Levite, who perished at the hands of bestial citizens of Gibeah. Ruth and Naomi belong to this time also, according to biblical tradi­tion. As the story of Judges ends, the situation in Israel has become lawless. Even the leading priest at the sanctuary at Shiloh, Eli, has grown old and ineffectual, and his sons are outright criminals.

2There are, as we see, some pious and God­ fearing families. Elkanah and his two wives care­fully observe their religious duties. But Elkanah's wife Hannah, deeply loved by her husband, has no child, and her lack of children breaks her heart. So she prays passionately for a child at the sanctuary in Shiloh. Eli, thinking Hannah is drunk because she prays with such fervor, scolds her but then gives her his blessing after Hannah explains. Hannah com­mits herself to dedicate her first son, if she has one, as a Nazirite. Nazirites were persons set apart for God's service. A commitment to live the life of a Nazirite could be made by men or women on their own initiative, for life or for a stated period of time. Such a vow could also be made for a child by the parents, even before the child's birth.

3So it was that when the child Samuel was born, he was taken by Hannah and Elkanah to begin his life as a Nazirite in the service of the Shiloh temple, where Eli was priest and where his corrupt sons served as priests with him. God protects the boy, and presently, while Samuel is sleeping beside the ark of the covenant one night, God begins to call him and give him a message. The story makes it clear that Eli has little experi­ence with messages from God! When the voice of God first comes to Samuel, he thinks that Eli is calling him. After Samuel hears the voice twice more, each time reporting to Eli, Eli finally gets the point and tells Samuel what to answer God. Then, on the fourth try, God communicates the message that Eli's household is about to be de­stroyed because of the evil that Eli's sons have been doing—taking advantage of the women who came to worship, grabbing the food offered to God and taking the best of it for themselves, and insisting on having the food offered to God cooked to their specifications.

4The next day, Eli asks Samuel for the message, and Samuel is very reluctant to report this message of doom. When Eli insists, Samuel tells him every­thing, and Eli simply accepts the message with resignation: "It is the lord; let [God] do what seems good to [God]" (1 Samuel 3:18b).

5Contrast Eli's simply giving up and leaving his sons to their fate with Hannah's urgent and pas­sionate crying out to God for help! Hannah is an example of serious turning to God for help and blessing. And the Song of Hannah, found in 1 Samuel 2:1-10, is another very ancient poem com­posed and sung by a woman, just as the Song of Miriam (Exodus 15) and the Song of Deborah (Judges 5) were. This Song of Hannah sharply contrasts the rich and powerful of earth with the poor and lowly. Hannah is praising the God of Israel who is always watching over those who have no other champion in the world. This theme has shown up several times in our narratives in Genesis and Exodus. God heard the cry of the oppressed people of Sodom and Gomorrah (Genesis 18) and took action. God heard the bitter cries of the slaves in Egypt and called on Moses and Aaron to lead them out of Egypt. And when the people were oppressed during the time of the judges, the same thing happened. God heard their cries of pain and came to their aid, raising up deliverers to save them.

6That too is Hannah's experience. She had her child at last, and then she had to turn him over to Eli, as promised. So she sang this prayer, a warning to all the proud and arrogant of the earth that they had better beware: God is known to bring the proud and haughty to their knees. And God raises up the lowly, the humiliated, the oppressed of the earth.

7It is hard to overestimate the value of this great biblical affirmation. This is a bedrock conviction of Israel's religious leaders, from very early times. The world may be ruled by the powerful, who regularly are tempted to take advantage of those who serve them. But no human being in God's creation is beyond the reach of God. Even King David will have to submit to God's will when the prophet Nathan denounces him for adultery and murder. (See 1 Samuel 11—12.) So often, it seems, religious communities have honored and deferred to the wealthy and the powerful and the influential leaders of earth. But that is not the way laid out in our Bible. The New Testament underscores this biblical theme: The whole life of Jesus is a denial of the view that "might makes right," or that evil will have the last word. God does raise up those who are poor and humble and gives them a seat of honor—at God's right hand.

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 Scripture

1 Samuel 1:9-20 

N=narrator, H=Hannah, E= Eli, G=God

 N: After they had eaten and drunk at Shiloh, Hannah rose and presented herself before the LORD. Now Eli the priest was sitting on the seat beside the doorpost of the temple of the LORD.  She was deeply distressed and prayed to the LORD, and wept bitterly.  She made this vow:

H: "O LORD of hosts, if only you will look on the misery of your servant, and remember me, and not forget your servant, but will give to your servant a male child, then I will set him before you as a nazirite until the day of his death. He shall drink neither wine nor intoxicants, and no razor shall touch his head."

N: As she continued praying before the LORD, Eli observed her mouth. Hannah was praying silently; only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard; therefore Eli thought she was drunk. So Eli said to her,

E: "How long will you make a drunken spectacle of yourself? Put away your wine."

H: "No, my lord, I am a woman deeply troubled; I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but I have been pouring out my soul before the LORD.  Do not regard your servant as a worthless woman, for I have been speaking out of my great anxiety and vexation all this time."

E: "Go in peace; the God of Israel grant the petition you have made to him."

H: "Let your servant find favor in your sight."

N: Then the woman went to her quarters, ate and drank with her husband, and her countenance was sad no longer.  They rose early in the morning and worshiped before the LORD; then they went back to their house at Ramah. Elkanah knew his wife Hannah, and the LORD remembered her. In due time Hannah conceived and bore a son. She named him Samuel, for she said, "I have asked him of the LORD."

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Numbers 6:1-21                                                                                  

The LORD spoke to Moses, saying:

Speak to the Israelites and say to them: When either men or women make a special vow, the vow of a nazirite, to separate themselves to the LORD, they shall separate themselves from wine and strong drink; they shall drink no wine vinegar or other vinegar, and shall not drink any grape juice or eat grapes, fresh or dried. 

All their days as nazirites they shall eat nothing that is produced by the grapevine, not even the seeds or the skins. 

All the days of their nazirite vow no razor shall come upon the head; until the time is completed for which they separate themselves to the LORD, they shall be holy; they shall let the locks of the head grow long. 

All the days that they separate themselves to the LORD they shall not go near a corpse. 

Even if their father or mother, brother or sister, should die, they may not defile themselves; because their consecration to God is upon the head. 

All their days as nazirites they are holy to the LORD.

If someone dies very suddenly nearby, defiling the consecrated head, then they shall shave the head on the day of their cleansing; on the seventh day they shall shave it. 

On the eighth day they shall bring two turtledoves or two young pigeons to the priest at the entrance of the tent of meeting, and the priest shall offer one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering, and make atonement for them, because they incurred guilt by reason of the corpse. They shall sanctify the head that same day, and separate themselves to the LORD for their days as nazirites, and bring a male lamb a year old as a guilt offering. The former time shall be void, because the consecrated head was defiled. 

This is the law for the nazirites when the time of their consecration has been completed: they shall be brought to the entrance of the tent of meeting, and they shall offer their gift to the LORD, one male lamb a year old without blemish as a burnt offering, one ewe lamb a year old without blemish as a sin offering, one ram without blemish as an offering of well-being, and a basket of unleavened bread, cakes of choice flour mixed with oil and unleavened wafers spread with oil, with their grain offering and their drink offerings. 

The priest shall present them before the LORD and offer their sin offering and burnt offering,

and shall offer the ram as a sacrifice of well-being to the LORD, with the basket of unleavened bread; the priest also shall make the accompanying grain offering and drink offering. 

Then the nazirites shall shave the consecrated head at the entrance of the tent of meeting, and shall take the hair from the consecrated head and put it on the fire under the sacrifice of well-  being. 

The priest shall take the shoulder of the ram, when it is boiled, and one unleavened cake out of the basket, and one unleavened wafer, and shall put them in the palms of the nazirites, after they have shaved the consecrated head. 

Then the priest shall elevate them as an elevation offering before the LORD; they are a holy portion for the priest, together with the breast that is elevated and the thigh that is offered. After that the nazirites may drink wine. 

This is the law for the nazirites who take a vow. Their offering to the LORD must be in accordance with the nazirite vow, apart from what else they can afford. In accordance with whatever vow they take, so they shall do, following the law for their consecration. 

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1 Samuel 3:1-20

N: Now the boy Samuel was ministering to the LORD under Eli. The word of the LORD was rare in those days; visions were not widespread. At that time Eli, whose eyesight had begun to grow dim so that he could not see, was lying down in his room; the lamp of God had not yet gone out, and Samuel was lying down in the temple of the LORD, where the ark of God was.
Then the LORD called,

G: "Samuel! Samuel!"

N: and he said,

S: "Here I am!"

N: And he ran to Eli, and said,

S: "Here I am, for you called me."

N: But he said,

E: "I did not call; lie down again."

N: So he went and lay down.  The LORD called again,

S: "Samuel!"

N: Samuel got up and went to Eli, and said,

S: "Here I am, for you called me."

E: "I did not call, my son; lie down again."

N: Now Samuel did not yet know the LORD, and the word of the LORD had not yet been revealed to him.  The LORD called Samuel again, a third time. And he got up and went to Eli, and said,

S: "Here I am, for you called me."

N: Then Eli perceived that the LORD was calling the boy.  Therefore Eli said to Samuel,

E: "Go, lie down; and if he calls you, you shall say, 'Speak, LORD, for your servant is listening.'"

N: So Samuel went and lay down in his place.  Now the LORD came and stood there, calling as before,

G: "Samuel! Samuel!"

S: "Speak, for your servant is listening."

G: "See, I am about to do something in Israel that will make both ears of anyone who ears of it tingle. On that day I will fulfill against Eli all that I have spoken oncerning his house, from beginning to end. For I have told him that I am about to punish his house forever, for the iniquity that he knew, because his sons were blaspheming God, and he did not restrain them.  Therefore I swear to the house of Eli that the iniquity of Eli's house shall not be expiated by sacrifice or offering forever."

N: Samuel lay there until morning; then he opened the doors of the house of the LORD. Samuel was afraid to tell the vision to Eli.  But Eli called Samuel and said,

E: "Samuel, my son."

S: "Here I am."

E: "What was it that he told you? Do not hide it from me. May God do so to you and more also, if you hide anything from me of all that he told you."

N: So Samuel told him everything and hid nothing from him. Then he said,

E: "It is the LORD; let him do what seems good to him."

N: As Samuel grew up, the LORD was with him and let none of his words fall to the ground. And all Israel from Dan to Beer-sheba knew that Samuel was a trustworthy prophet of the LORD.

 

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1 Samuel 2:1-10  Hannah's Song

Hannah prayed and said,

"My heart exults in the LORD;

my strength is exalted in my God. My mouth derides my enemies,

because I rejoice in my victory.

"There is no Holy One like the LORD, no one besides you;

there is no Rock like our God.

Talk no more so very proudly, let not arrogance come from your mouth;

for the LORD is a God of knowledge, and by him actions are weighed.

The bows of the mighty are broken, but the feeble gird on strength.

Those who were full have hired themselves out for bread,

but those who were hungry are fat with spoil.

The barren has borne seven, but she who has many children is forlorn.

The LORD kills and brings to life; he brings down to Sheol and raises up.

The LORD makes poor and makes rich; he brings low, he also exalts.

He raises up the poor from the dust; he lifts the needy from the ash heap,
to make them sit with princes and inherit a seat of honor. 
For the pillars of the earth are the Lord's, and on them he has set the world.

"He will guard the feet of his faithful ones,
but the wicked shall be cut off in darkness; for not by might does one prevail.

The LORD! His adversaries shall be shattered;
the Most High will thunder in heaven.
The LORD will judge the ends of the earth; he will give strength to his king,
and exalt the power of his anointed."

 

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The Magnificat  Luke 1:39-55

In those days Mary set out and went with haste to a Judean town in the hill country, where she entered the house of Zechariah and greeted Elizabeth.

When Elizabeth heard Mary's greeting, the child leaped in her womb. And Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit and exclaimed with a loud cry, "Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of your womb. 

And why has this happened to me, that the mother of my Lord comes to me? 

For as soon as I heard the sound of your greeting, the child in my womb leaped for joy. 

And blessed is she who believed that there would be a fulfillment of what was spoken to her by the Lord." 

And Mary said, "My soul magnifies the Lord, and my spirit rejoices in God my Savior, for he has looked with favor on the lowliness of his servant. Surely, from now on all generations will call me blessed;  for the Mighty One has done great things for me, and holy is his name. 

His mercy is for those who fear him from generation to generation. 

He has shown strength with his arm; he has scattered the proud in the thoughts of their hearts. 

He has brought down the powerful from their thrones, and lifted up the lowly;  he has filled the hungry with good things, and sent the rich away empty. 

He has helped his servant Israel, in remembrance of his mercy, according to the promise he made to our ancestors, to Abraham and to his descendants forever." 

 

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